Continuation+of+Tobacco+Companies

= = =**__Overview__**=
 * Cigarette** - a cylindrical roll of finely cut tobacco cured for smoking, considerably smaller than most cigars and usually wrapped in thin white paper 5. A cigarette contains an astonishing amount of harmful chemicals like Lead, Tar, Carbon Monoxide, Arsenic, Ammonia, Hexamine, and Nicotine. Nicotine is the addictive agent in cigarettes. The inhalation of the smoke that is produced when the cigarette is lit causes the nicotine to enter the nervous system and stimulates the central system and brain1. Nicotine is the key ingredient that forces people to come back for another puff and poses a health threat to the person.



=**__Health__**= Cigarettes can cause long-term effects on the human body if the person continues to smoke over a period of time. Tobacco causes diseases and disability to almost every organ. Tobacco smoke has many adverse effects on the body such as tooth decay, bad breath, plaque, sore throat, cataracts, aging, strokes, cancer, lung cancer, infections, and sudden death. People can also be affected by smoking even if the person does not smoke also known as second-hand smoking. second-hand smoking has the same harmful chemicals that smokers inhale and release into the environment 2. There is no safe exposure to second-hand smoking.

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=__**Consumption**__= Tobacco deaths are still continuing to increase over the next decades as the new generation begins to increase its smoking habits as younger people experience and exposure to tobacco. Smoking already kills two million people in developed countries with China leading in the top 3 consumers along with Russia, and U.S.A 1. Almost six trillion cigarettes were smoked in 2014. Intense smoking is the consumer that smokes more than 30 cigarettes in a day which is a pack and half. Nearly a third of men aged 15+, roughly 850 million people are current smokers. Approximately 176 million adult women worldwide are daily smokers. A combination of over 1 billion people smoking daily which includes young teenagers attached to the picture of starting off at an early age 1.

=__**Tobacco Companies**__= Six companies lead the world's tobacco business such as China National Tobacco Corp, Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco, Imperial Tobacco Group, and Japan Tabacco International contributes to the multi-billion tobacco industry including smaller chains of businesses that manufacture cigarettes. China creates the most revenue, grow more tobacco, manufactures more tobacco and consumes the most tobacco than any other country in the world 1. Tobacco companies have depicted remarkable resilience in the face of decades of adverse publicity and increasingly stringent tobacco control policies, the result of selling a highly addictive product. Even if a child never touched a cigarette, and even if the companies complied fully with every suggestion that follows, they would have millions of customers for decades to come 6. The retail stores are the major communications to market their tobacco products to the consumers. Tobacco companies offer discounted and promotional prices for their products to offer the consumers a better price and have the customers come back for more 7. The combined gross revenue of the world's leading tobacco companies equal to 315 billion dollars of revenue 1.

=__**Environment**__= Cigarette butts are often referred as the remaining orange tip of a cigarette that people throw away on the ground after they're done. They are the most numerically frequent litter in the world 8. Cigarette butts can be found outside of buildings, parking lots, highways, trashcans, and rivers. The cigarette butt contains a tissue inside of the roll with leftover tobacco and ashes. An approximately of 5.6 trillion cigarettes are smoked every year worldwide and out of the 5.6 trillion cigarettes being smoked, 4.6 trillion cigarette butts are littered every year 9.

Works Cited

1 Eriksen, Michael & Mackay, Judith & Schluger, Neil & Islami, Farhad & Drope, Jeffrey. (2015).  The Tobacco Atlas: Fifth Edition. Print

[|2] “Health Risks of Secondhand Smoke.” //American Cancer Society//, American Cancer Society, 13 Nov. 2015, www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes/tobacco-and-cancer/secondhand-smoke.html.

[|3] http://www.dailyposts.org/fda-directs-reducing-nicotine-level-in-cigarettes-to-make-less-addictive/

[|4] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HD__r66sFjk

[|5] http://www.dictionary.com/browse/cigarette

[|6] Warner, Kenneth E. “What’s a Cigarette Company to Do?” //American Journal of Public Health // 92.6 (2002): 897–900. Print.

[|7] Belch GE, B.M., Introduction to advertising and promotion: an integrated

marketing communications perspective. Boston: Irwin, 1995. [|8] Warne, M. St. J.; Warne, M. St. J.; Pablo, F.; Patra, R. (2005). "Variation in, and Causes of, Toxicity of Cigarette Butts to a Cladoceran and Microtox". Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer. 50 (2): 205–212 [|9] Novotny TE, Lum K, Smith E, et al. (2009). "Cigarettes butts and the case for an environmental policy on hazardous cigarette waste". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 6: 1691–705