Literature+Review

Jiyong Kwag Mr. Grimm English 1102 March 3, 2017 Literature Review Amazon deforestation is the leading cause of the dramatic destruction of the Earth’s environment. A decline in the forest area in Amazon influences not only water cycle of the Amazon area but also precipitation rate and climate of the South America. According to research, “interim-driven simulation had shown that estimate reach decreasing of precipitation rate in 0.22mm/day in total-deforestation case” (Lejeune 1). Furthermore, decrease in precipitation rate influences whole water cycle of the Amazon area. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, researchers found that “Amazon Basin by approximately 7% during drought years, land cover change is capable of reducing precipitation and increasing the amplitude of droughts in the region” (Bagley 1). Consequently, increase in a number of drought and decrease in precipitation rate lead to abundant fire and impacts water cycle that can damages both ecosystem of plants and animals. For Brazil, Amazon deforestation would bring economic improvement for their nation. But, destruction of the Amazon forest would ultimately destroy Brazil itself in the long run. Therefore, Brazil government must have solid construction plan for Amazon deforestation.

Amazon deforestation is the leading cause of the dramatic destruction of the Earth’s environment. A decline in the forest area in Amazon influences not only the South America’s climate but also the western part of the North America in the US. Although Amazon destruction occurs in the South America, the problem of Amazon deforestation is now heavily restricted by internationally, in particular by the North American countries. In recent year, Ocean–Land–Atmosphere Model (OLAM) gathers statistics that “reduction of precipitation causes vorticity and thermal anomalies which lead to approximately 20 to percent reduction of precipitation in western North America” (Medvigy 1). Furthermore, Global Circulation models predict that “global warming signal will likely dominate the changes in surface temperature.” (Lejeune 13). For the United States, Amazon deforestation harms not only environment itself but also the US agriculture system. Therefore, Amazon deforestation becomes the central issue that the US and Brazil government negotiate for both environmental protection and economic purposes.

Amazon deforestation is the leading cause of the dramatic destruction of the Earth’s environment. At the past, Amazon was the central place where most of the Oxygen production had occurred; however, as deforestation by Brazil government progresses for their land development, CO2 absorption level by forest hastily decreases. The decrease in CO2 absorption level indirectly contributes to the greenhouse effect that stops heat emission of the Earth (Longobardi 2). Moreover, according to Lejeune had found out that increase in CO2 level causes “annual mean surface temperature increase of 0.5  °C over the Amazonian region.” Subsequently, cutting down the woods in Amazon increases both temperature and CO2 level in the Earth’s atmosphere that hasten the destruction of the Earth’s environment. The World widely, increase in CO2 level and temperature endangers the Earth’s environment by accelerating global warming. Then, global warming ultimately leads to increase in sea level rises. Hence, Amazon deforestation is something that people must discuss nationally for environment protection of the Earth.

Work Cited Bagley, Justin E., et al. "Drought and Deforestation: Has Land Cover Change Influenced Recent Precipitation Extremes in the Amazon?." //Journal of Climate//, vol. 27, no. 1, Jan. 2014, p. 345. EBSCO//host//, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00369.1.

Lejeune, Quentin, et al. "Influence of Amazonian Deforestation on the Future Evolution of Regional Surface Fluxes, Circulation, Surface Temperature and Precipitation." //Climate Dynamics//, vol. 44, no. 9/10, May 2015, p. 2769. EBSCO//host//, doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2203-8.

Longobardi, Patrick, et al. "Deforestation Induced Climate Change: Effects of Spatial Scale." //Plos ONE//, vol. 11, no. 4, 21 Apr. 2016, pp. 1-34. EBSCO//host//, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153357.

Medvigy, David, et al. "Simulated Changes in Northwest U.S. Climate in Response to Amazon Deforestation*." //Journal of Climate//, vol. 26, no. 22, 15 Nov. 2013, p. 9115. EBSCO//host//, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00775.1.